
Oaklands is a small town in the New South Wales Riverina. It’s population today would be, I’m guessing, about 350, a few hundred less than it would have had in 1940. Kevin Byrne, my father, worked for Kevin Rourke, his uncle, in the Rourke Brothers stock and station agency business in Oaklands. Kevin Rourke was an excellent auctioneer and my father, was his clerk.
Kevin enlisted in the Army on 5 Aug 1940. Sometimes I wonder whether his enlistment was simply a reason to leave Oaklands. He had worked for his uncle since the age of 16 and was now almost 22. I think Kevin felt he was in a rut and just wanted to move on. He had been dating a local girl, Joan Dunstan, but their relationship wasn’t a serious enough one to keep him in Oaklands.
After completing his basic training, Kevin was assigned to the Australian Army Service Corps as a truck driver in the 17th Brigade of the Sixth Division. Along with some 5000 other British, Australian, and New Zealand soldiers, he was captured in the evacuation of Greece, and subsequently became a prisoner of war. He was sent to Camp 10029/GW in Austria.
While Kevin was interned in Klagenfurt, Joan Dunston kept in touch with him through regular letters. However, in 1943, Joan relocated to Melbourne, fell in love, and got married. This life-changing news was intentionally kept from Kevin—a joint decision by Joan and Kevin's family. Despite her new life, Joan continued to write to him consistently, maintaining their connection.
Camp 10029/GW situated in the Waidmannsdorf suburb of Klagenfurt, about two miles from the city center and its prominent railway yards. By mid-1944, air raids had become a frequent occurrence in the area. According to the Geneva Convention, anti-aircraft defenses could not be stationed within 600 meters of a POW compound. So, at exactly 600 meters from Kevin’s camp, the Germans set up gun pit housing a Bofors 40 mm anti-aircraft gun.
Roughly one kilometer from the camp, a small, scrub-covered hill stood. Today, this area is characterized by a few hectares of overgrown scrubland amidst an otherwise organized light-industrial zone. If you look closely, you’ll see a steel door set into the side of the hill, defaced with graffiti. Back in 1944, after the first air raid on Klagenfurt, contractors—assisted by POWs and French forced laborers—carved out the hill to create a bomb shelter. Over the following year, this shelter provided protection for both local civilians and prisoners of war.
For the men at Camp 10029/GW, Sunday, February 18th, 1945, began like any other day. Many had spent the morning working in the biting cold, returning to the camp by 11 a.m. Their routine typically included a 6½-day work week. In warmer months, after-noons were often spent playing sports or relaxing outdoors. However, in February—one of the coldest months—they were confined indoors. The POWs passed the time huddled around heaters, chatting, playing cards, or resting on their bunks.
But that day took a sudden and dramatic turn. Around noon, the air-raid sirens pierced the quiet. The men were quickly called to assemble, and approximately 300 of them were marched to the bomb shelter. Attendance wasn’t mandatory, and Kevin later recalled that around 40 men chose to stay behind—some out of frustration or despair, and others because they were in the camp hospital. Until then, the camp itself had never been targeted. But on this day, everything changed—bombs fell on the camp for the first time.
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In 2014, Australian journalist and television presenter, Barrie Cassidy, published a book called Private Bill. His father, Bill Cassidy, was also a POW in 10029/GW. Cassidy wrote:
Suddenly, a line of bombs tore open the ground along the fence line, near the camp’s front gates. Within seconds, more bombs landed and ripped through the barracks. As Bill dashed for the door, the giant stove in the centre of the room came crashing down, crushing a man beneath it – the prisoner let out a piercing
down, crushing a man beneath it – the prisoner let out a piercing squeal, then fell silent. Bill realised that nothing could be done for him and charged outside. There was pandemonium throughout the camp as the full horror of the bombing hit home.Bill joined the group of men milling around a trench that he had been dug right outside the camp hospital. He learned that a bomb had blown out the sides of the trench, causing it to collapse on three patients. Just as he registered that that two men were wailing in pain and panic, he remembered that Alan Eason had been admitted to the hospital the day before. Then Bill heard Alan’s voice, calm and measured, informing his would-be rescuers from the bottom of the trench that he had been ‘badly knocked about.’ Alan could just be seen through the gap in the rubble. While the men dug feverishly, he asked for cigarettes to be passed down to him - he said he would be all right if they kept the smokes coming. Two hours later, the men were freed. Two of them survived, but Alan died from his injuries the following morning.
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Six POWs, three Australians and three British, were killed. It was thought that a bomber was attempting to bomb the ack-ack gun
but somehow the bombs did not release as intended, were jettisoned, and inadvertently fell on the camp.When Kevin arrived home, he was told that Joan had married and was living in the Melbourne. A few months later, he received this letter from Joan.
Newsagency,
162 Bridge Road, Richmond, Victoria
Sunday, 30th
Dear Kevin,
First of all, I must tell you how glad I was to hear you are home and well after such a long time. Mary Cameron told me all about your “Welcome Home.” It must have been all very bewildering for you.
I am writing to you at the request of one of our customers. We have a photo framing agency here and one day a lady brought a photo into me to be framed. I noticed that the photo was of POWs and she told me it was taken at Stalag 18A and showed me her son in the group. When I was putting the photo away I noticed someone very familiar and it was you looking very fit and well.
I told her (about this) when she came back with the photo and she then told me her son Jeff never made it home, that he died whilst in Stalag. She asked me if I had your address and if so, could I write to you and find out something about her late son. His name was Jefferson Gilbert. I hope you don’t mind but I think she would just like to know whether or not you knew him.
Six men were killed in the Sunday bomb raid. Jeff Gilbert was one of them. Kevin knew Jeff well. They were hut-mates and on occasions they were photographed together. Jeff was one of those who made the decision not to go to the bomb shelter. Kevin told me that Jeff refused to move from his bed as an act of defiance.
Photo1
Kevin Byrne is first on the left in the back row. Jeff Gilbert is fourth from the left in the same row.
Photo 2
On duty in the cookhouse. Jeff Gilbert is in the foreground, Kevin is in the deep background.
Photo 3
The Australian Tug O'War team photo taken on the annual 'Empire Games' sports day. Bill Cassidy is seated first left and Alan Eason, a champion school boy rugby player from Sydney, sits in the middle with a towel around his neck.


